Rooftop Societies: The Middle East Paradox - Paperbackby Fereydoon Rahmani (Author) A "rooftop society" is based on socio cultural and political contradictions, the historical rivalry and antagonism between existing components of society. Apart from antagonism between citizens and the state, political power struggles, the rivalry between modernism and traditional forces; the presence of redundant parallel institutions and political power organizations are important characteristics that must be